A rapid headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) method was developed for the analysis of ethylene glycol and\r\npropylene glycol in plasma and serum specimens using 1,3-propanediol as the internal standard. The method\r\nemployed a single-step derivitization using phenylboronic acid, was linear to 200 mg/dL and had a lower limit of\r\nquantitation of 1 mg/dL suitable for clinical analyses. The analytical method described allows for laboratories with\r\nHS-GC instrumentation to analyze ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol on a single\r\ninstrument with rapid switch-over from alcohols to glycols analysis. In addition to the novel HS-GC method, a\r\nretrospective analysis of patient specimens containing ethylene glycol and propylene glycol was also described. A\r\ntotal of 36 patients ingested ethylene glycol, including 3 patients who presented with two separate admissions for\r\nethylene glycol toxicity. Laboratory studies on presentation to hospital for these patients showed both osmolal and\r\nanion gap in 13 patients, osmolal but not anion gap in 13 patients, anion but not osmolal gap in 8 patients, and 1\r\npatient with neither an osmolal nor anion gap. Acidosis on arterial blood gas was present in 13 cases. Only one\r\nfatality was seen; this was a patient with initial serum ethylene glycol concentration of 1282 mg/dL who died on\r\nthird day of hospitalization. Propylene glycol was common in patients being managed for toxic ingestions, and was\r\noften attributed to iatrogenic administration of propylene glycol-containing medications such as activated charcoal\r\nand intravenous lorazepam. In six patients, propylene glycol contributed to an abnormally high osmolal gap. The\r\ncommon presence of propylene glycol in hospitalized patients emphasizes the importance of being able to identify\r\nboth ethylene glycol and propylene glycol by chromatographic methods.
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